acts of its subdivisions. 13 (B) Entities legally proximate to states Political settlements have from time to time produced entities, such as the former Free City of Danzig
Chapter
4. Subjects of international law
Chapter
5. Personality, statehood, and recognition
obligations in favour or against the person or entity. Therefore, where a treaty or custom confers enforceable rights and duties upon any entity, the latter possesses international legal
Chapter
5. Legal Personality and Recognition
the statehood of an entity by a State, and other legal entities such as the United Nations, may be critical in determining the rights and duties of that entity in national law of that
Chapter
4. States as the Primary Subjects of International Law
Paola Gaeta, Jorge E. Viñuales, and Salvatore Zappalà
l circumstances does it allow governmental entities that have lost effective control over territory to survive as international entities for some time. Such was the case of the so-called
Chapter
5. Personality and Recognition
State. Thus ‘recognition’ of the statehood of an entity by a State may be critical in determining the rights and duties of that entity in national law of that State. Section 1:
Chapter
11. Continuity of employment and TUPE
economic entity that retains its identity, and, secondly, to a service provision change. The latter is a UK concept, one not derived from European Union law. An economic entity is defined
Chapter
5. States as subjects of international law
not—an entity aspiring to statehood. 5.3.1.3 A duty of collective non-recognition? In addition, there is also a claimed duty not to recognize a particular entity when there
Chapter
4. The actors in the international legal system
criteria. Thus, when an entity satisfies certain predetermined requirements it is a state in international law. Here, the important criterion is essentially the entity’s effectiveness. In
Chapter
4. The actors in the international legal system
criteria. Thus, when an entity satisfies certain predetermined requirements it is a state in international law. Here, the important criterion is essentially the entity’s effectiveness. In
Chapter
12. Immunities from National Jurisdiction
seems probable that the expressions ‘any entity’ and ‘separate entity’ in section 14 of the Act are intended to refer to an entity or separate entity of a state, a construction which is
Chapter
8. Individuals and Other Legal Subjects
Paola Gaeta, Jorge E. Viñuales, and Salvatore Zappalà
s, and individuals, as well as a few sui generis entities. While insurgents, like States and some of the sui generis entities, constitute traditional subjects of international law
Chapter
6. Recognition of states and governments
categories of state acts: first, the recognition of another entity as a state; and, secondly, the recognition of that entity’s government as established, lawful, or ‘legitimate’, that
Chapter
10. Structural regulation
Iris Chiu and Joanna Wilson
of ownership , the ring-fenced bank can be owned by a parent entity that carries out excluded activities or owns entities that do so. In a wider banking group, the ring-fenced bank must
Chapter
3. Corporate personality
Corporate personality A A separate legal entity The Salomon principle 3-1 On incorporation, a company becomes a legal entity separate and distinct from its shareholders
Chapter
24. Current issues: non-State actors
risks. Other entities based, or operating, in Australia may report voluntarily. The Commonwealth is required to report on behalf of non‑corporate Commonwealth entities, and the reporting
Chapter
4. Article 101 TFEU: The Elements
Alison Jones, Brenda Sufrin, and Niamh Dunne
where two entities constitute one economic entity, the fact that the entity that committed the infringement still exists does not as such preclude imposing a penalty on the entity to which
Chapter
2. The framework of company law
property or land in England and Wales acquired by an overseas entity on or after 1 January 1999 as well as by any overseas entity acquiring property after 1 August 2022. 2-9 The ECCTA
Chapter
9. Immunities from National Jurisdiction
seems probable that the expressions ‘any entity’ and ‘separate entity’ in section 14 of the Act are intended to refer to an entity or separate entity of a state, a construction which is
Chapter
3. Prudential Regulation II: Structural Reform, Deposit Insurance, Corporate Governance
Ross Cranston, Emilios Avgouleas, Kristin van Zweiten, Theodor van Sante, and Christoper Hare
deposit-taking entity (the ‘core credit institution’) 47 and other entities be fully distinct in legal, economic, governance, and operational terms. 48 Trading entities would be prohibited
Chapter
18. Informed shareholders and stakeholders—disclosure and the limited company
of UK GAAP for smaller entities (FRS 102 Section 1A Small Entities ) or for micro-entities (FRS 105). There are reduced disclosure requirements for entities that are included within