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Chapter

Cover EU Law Directions

15. The relationship of the UK with the European Union and Brexit  

This chapter charts the long association of the UK with the EU. It considers all aspects of this relationship including pre membership, entry to the EC (EU), the first UK EU referendum in 1975 and the relationship over five decades. It considers how EU law was granted supremacy over UK law and how the courts viewed this. It considers the period up to and, including the 2016 UK EU referendum on exiting or remaining in the EU and the immediate consequences of that. Finally, and now most importantly, it looks at the negotiations and means by which the UK legally exited the EU on 31 January and the movement into the next stage of that relationship: the future trade relationship with the EU.

Chapter

Cover EU Law Directions

15. The relationship of the UK with the European Union and Brexit  

This chapter charts the long association of the UK with the EU. It considers all aspects of this relationship including pre-membership, entry to the EC (EU), the first UK EU referendum in 1975, and the relationship over five decades. It considers how EU law was granted supremacy over UK law and how the courts viewed this. The chapter looks at the period up to and beyond the 2016 UK EU referendum on exiting or remaining in the EU. The immediate consequences of the result and the negotiations which were concluded following this to enable the UK to legally exit the EU on 31 January 2020 are also considered. The role of Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) is discussed and particular attention is focused on the Northern Ireland Protocol. The chapter concludes with a fairly detailed look at the 2020 EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement.